Gold Cable

Gold Cable is a Tier 2 cable type. They suffer higher distance-related energy losses than copper cables, but are able to carry Medium Voltage, up to 128 EU/t. Gold cables have 2 different levels of insulation, with the 2x insulation providing smaller losses per tile and less shock damage from high voltage. It's worth noting that even though gold cables have a higher energy loss per packet, this is countered by the fact that the maximum packet size for gold cables is 4 times that of copper cables. For example, if you send 128 EU through 4 tiles using copper cables, you will have 4 packets of 32 EU, and each of those will suffer a 1 EU loss, resulting in 124 EU reaching its destination. If gold cables are used, that 128 EU will be sent in a single packet, that will suffer a 2 EU loss, resulting in a final 126 EU. For this reason, it is recommended to use transformers to elevate the voltage when transferring power through long distances.

Cable type	EU/b	Energy loss
Gold Uninsulated	0.5	1 EU every 2 blocks
Gold Insulated	0.45	1 EU every 2.22 blocks
Gold 2x Insulated	0.4	1 EU every 2.5 blocks

Recipe

Un-insulated Gold Cable

Insulated Gold Cable

Double Insulated Gold Cable

Sources

Industrialcraft Wiki